{"id":1947,"date":"2016-02-08T15:51:30","date_gmt":"2016-02-08T14:51:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/urbanario.es\/web\/en\/?page_id=1947"},"modified":"2020-11-12T23:26:46","modified_gmt":"2020-11-12T22:26:46","slug":"eighties","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articles\/eighties\/","title":{"rendered":"Eighties"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-portfolio-wrapper#fusion-portfolio-1 .fusion-portfolio-content{ padding: 25px 25px 25px 25px; text-align: left; }<\/style><div class=\"fusion-recent-works fusion-portfolio-element fusion-portfolio fusion-portfolio-1 fusion-portfolio-grid fusion-portfolio-paging-none fusion-portfolio-one fusion-portfolio-boxed fusion-portfolio-text\" data-id=\"-rw-1\" data-columns=\"one\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-portfolio-1 .fusion-portfolio-wrapper .fusion-col-spacing{padding:7px;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-wrapper\" id=\"fusion-portfolio-1\" data-picturesize=\"auto\" data-pages=\"1\" style=\"margin:-7px;\"><article id=\"portfolio-1-post-2035\" class=\"fusion-portfolio-post eighties eighties eighties fusion-col-spacing post-2035\"><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-content-wrapper\" style=\"border:1px solid #ebeaea;border-bottom-width:3px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\"><span class=\"vcard rich-snippet-hidden\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/author\/javier-abarca\/\" title=\"Posts by Javier Abarca\" rel=\"author\">Javier Abarca<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated rich-snippet-hidden\">2022-03-09T16:16:07+01:00<\/span>\n\n<div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/the-history-of-graffiti-on-trains-in-madrid\/?portfolioCats=175\" aria-label=\"The history of graffiti on trains in Madrid\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"170\" src=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/hen_min.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\n\t\n\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-portfolio-content\" style=\"background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\"><h2 class=\"entry-title fusion-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/the-history-of-graffiti-on-trains-in-madrid\/?portfolioCats=175\">The history of graffiti on trains in Madrid<\/a><\/h2><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/eighties\/\" rel=\"tag\">eighties<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/eighties\/\" rel=\"tag\">eighties<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/eighties\/\" rel=\"tag\">eighties<\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#ebeaea;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-post-content\"><p>The strong, punk-originated scene of indigenous graffiti, which dominated Madrid during the 1980s, delayed the local adoption of train graffiti culture. It was only in the 1990s that a train-writing scene took shape, one that, despite being only of secondary importance in the international arena, has introduced extreme behaviours. <span> [<a href=\"http:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/the-history-of-graffiti-on-trains-in-madrid\/\">read more<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-buttons\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/the-history-of-graffiti-on-trains-in-madrid\/?portfolioCats=175\" class=\"fusion-button fusion-button-small fusion-button-default fusion-button-flat\">Learn More<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article><article id=\"portfolio-1-post-2018\" class=\"fusion-portfolio-post graffiti-en other-topics fusion-col-spacing post-2018\"><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-content-wrapper\" style=\"border:1px solid #ebeaea;border-bottom-width:3px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\"><span class=\"vcard rich-snippet-hidden\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/author\/javier-abarca\/\" title=\"Posts by Javier Abarca\" rel=\"author\">Javier Abarca<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated rich-snippet-hidden\">2022-03-09T15:41:22+01:00<\/span>\n\n<div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/what-does-graffiti-have-to-do-with-hip-hop\/?portfolioCats=175\" aria-label=\"What does graffiti have to do with hip-hop?\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"170\" src=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Wild-Style_min.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\n\t\n\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-portfolio-content\" style=\"background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\"><h2 class=\"entry-title fusion-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/what-does-graffiti-have-to-do-with-hip-hop\/?portfolioCats=175\">What does graffiti have to do with hip-hop?<\/a><\/h2><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/graffiti-en\/\" rel=\"tag\">graffiti<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/other-topics\/\" rel=\"tag\">other topics<\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#ebeaea;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-post-content\"><p>About ten years after its inception around 1970, graffiti culture started to be linked with hip-hop, a concept coined by the media to facilitate the commercialisation of graffiti and other contemporary cultures. This artificial link is still seen in the media, and therefore also in the mainstream view of graffiti. <span> [<a href=\"http:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/what-does-graffiti-have-to-do-with-hip-hop\/\">leer m\u00e1s<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-buttons\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/what-does-graffiti-have-to-do-with-hip-hop\/?portfolioCats=175\" class=\"fusion-button fusion-button-small fusion-button-default fusion-button-flat\">Learn More<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article><article id=\"portfolio-1-post-2048\" class=\"fusion-portfolio-post activism graffiti-en graffiti-en seventies fusion-col-spacing post-2048\"><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-content-wrapper\" style=\"border:1px solid #ebeaea;border-bottom-width:3px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\"><span class=\"vcard rich-snippet-hidden\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/author\/javier-abarca\/\" title=\"Posts by Javier Abarca\" rel=\"author\">Javier Abarca<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"updated rich-snippet-hidden\">2022-03-09T16:15:15+01:00<\/span>\n\n<div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/punk-graffiti-stencils-and-tags-since-1977\/?portfolioCats=175\" aria-label=\"Punk graffiti: stencils and tags since 1977\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"170\" src=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Shepard-Fairey-sticker-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/>\n\t\n\n\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-portfolio-content\" style=\"background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\"><h2 class=\"entry-title fusion-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/punk-graffiti-stencils-and-tags-since-1977\/?portfolioCats=175\">Punk graffiti: stencils and tags since 1977<\/a><\/h2><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/activism\/\" rel=\"tag\">activism<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/graffiti-en\/\" rel=\"tag\">graffiti<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/graffiti-en\/\" rel=\"tag\">graffiti<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/portfolio_category\/seventies\/\" rel=\"tag\">seventies<\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#ebeaea;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-post-content\"><p>The writing of slogans on walls, both freehand and with the help of stencils, has been part of punk culture since its inception. Influential bands such as Crass made it a part of their identity. It is also common in punk culture to write bands\u2019 names, or the name of the writer. This last custom gave way in several cities to graffiti scenes wholly independent from the New York culture. <span> [<a href=\"http:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/punk-graffiti-stencils-and-tags-since-1977\/\">read more<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><div class=\"fusion-portfolio-buttons\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articulo\/punk-graffiti-stencils-and-tags-since-1977\/?portfolioCats=175\" class=\"fusion-button fusion-button-small fusion-button-default fusion-button-flat\">Learn More<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;background-color:#ffffff;padding: 24px 43px 6px 43px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>&gt; <a href=\"http:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/articles-published-only-in-spanish\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Some articles in Urbanario exist only in Spanish<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-fullwidth.fusion-builder-row-1 { overflow:visible; }<\/style><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1903,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"side-navigation.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1947","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1947"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1947\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8678,"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1947\/revisions\/8678"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urbanario.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}